Main Translations

English: capable

Thai: มีความสามารถ (Mee kwaam sarm kern)

Phonetic: Mee kwaam sarm kern (pronounced with a rising tone on "mee" and a mid tone on "kwaam sarm kern")

Detailed Explanation: "มีความสามารถ" is the primary Thai translation of "capable," emphasizing the ability or competence to perform a task effectively. It is commonly used in professional, educational, and everyday contexts to highlight skills, potential, or proficiency. For instance, it carries a positive emotional connotation, suggesting reliability and intelligence, which aligns with Thai cultural values of modesty and respect for expertise. Semantic nuances include its adaptability; it can describe innate talent or acquired skills, making it versatile in scenarios like job interviews or personal development discussions.

Thai: สามารถ (Sarm kern)

Phonetic: Sarm kern (pronounced with a mid tone on "sarm" and a rising tone on "kern")

Detailed Explanation: As a secondary translation, "สามารถ" is more concise and often used in formal or technical contexts to mean "able" or "capable of." It focuses on the potential to achieve something without implying emotional depth, making it neutral in connotation. Usage scenarios include instructions, reports, or evaluations where brevity is key. Semantic nuances highlight its role in expressing feasibility, such as in problem-solving or capability assessments, and it can subtly convey optimism in Thai communication styles.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

The word "capable" (or its Thai equivalents) is primarily used as an adjective to describe individuals, objects, or systems that possess the necessary skills, resources, or qualities to accomplish tasks. Common usage scenarios include professional settings (e.g., evaluating employee performance), personal development (e.g., self-improvement discussions), and everyday conversations (e.g., praising abilities). In Thai contexts, it often reflects cultural emphasis on competence and humility, appearing in formal documents, casual chats, or motivational speeches. This versatility makes "capable" a key term for SEO topics like "capable meaning in business" or "capable usage in daily life."

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

English: She is capable of leading the team to success.

Thai: เธอมีความสามารถในการนำทีมไปสู่ความสำเร็จ (Ther mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan num team pai su kwaam sam ret)

Grammatical Breakdown: "She" (subject, pronoun) + "is" (linking verb, present tense) + "capable" (adjective describing the subject) + "of leading the team to success" (prepositional phrase indicating ability). In Thai, "เธอ" (subject) + "มีความสามารถ" (adjective phrase) + "ในการนำทีมไปสู่ความสำเร็จ" (infinitive phrase).

Structural Analysis: This sentence follows a subject-verb-adjective structure in English, emphasizing capability in a professional context. In Thai, the structure is subject-adjective-infinitive, which is common for business discussions to highlight potential outcomes, aligning with SEO for "capable in business scenarios."

Leisure Scenario

English: He is capable at playing the guitar during family gatherings.

Thai: เขามีความสามารถในการเล่นกีตาร์ในงานครอบครัว (Kao mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan len guitar nai ngan krob kruwa)

Grammatical Breakdown: "He" (subject, pronoun) + "is" (linking verb) + "capable" (adjective) + "at playing the guitar" (prepositional phrase) + "during family gatherings" (adverbial phrase). In Thai, "เขา" (subject) + "มีความสามารถ" (adjective) + "ในการเล่นกีตาร์" (infinitive phrase) + "ในงานครอบครัว" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: The English structure builds from subject to descriptive elements, making it informal and relatable. Thai maintains a similar flow but prioritizes the adjective early, which is typical in leisure contexts to express enjoyment and skill, enhancing SEO for "capable in leisure activities."

Formal Occasion

English: The engineer is capable of designing innovative solutions.

Thai: วิศวกรมีความสามารถในการออกแบบโซลูชันที่สร้างสรรค์ (Wit saw korn mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan ork bpai soo luu chun tee sungs run)

Grammatical Breakdown: "The engineer" (subject, noun phrase) + "is" (linking verb) + "capable" (adjective) + "of designing innovative solutions" (infinitive phrase). In Thai, "วิศวกร" (subject) + "มีความสามารถ" (adjective) + "ในการออกแบบโซลูชันที่สร้างสรรค์" (infinitive phrase).

Structural Analysis: This formal English sentence uses a straightforward subject-verb-adjective pattern for clarity in professional settings. Thai echoes this with an adjective-focused structure, suitable for formal events like conferences, supporting SEO for "capable in formal contexts."

Informal Occasion

English: You're capable of fixing that bike yourself.

Thai: คุณสามารถซ่อมจักรยานนั้นด้วยตัวเอง (Khun sarm kern sor jak krar yaa nan duay dtua eung)

Grammatical Breakdown: "You're" (subject contraction) + "capable" (adjective) + "of fixing that bike" (infinitive phrase) + "yourself" (reflexive pronoun). In Thai, "คุณ" (subject) + "สามารถ" (adjective) + "ซ่อมจักรยานนั้น" (verb phrase) + "ด้วยตัวเอง" (adverbial phrase).

Structural Analysis: Informal English relies on direct address and simplicity for casual advice. Thai uses a concise adjective-verb structure, common in everyday talks, which aids in SEO for "capable in informal conversations."

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

English: My friend is capable of learning new languages quickly.

Thai: เพื่อนของฉันมีความสามารถในการเรียนภาษาใหม่อย่างรวดเร็ว (Puen khong chan mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan riian pasa mai yang ruad diew)

Grammatical Breakdown: "My friend" (subject) + "is" (verb) + "capable" (adjective) + "of learning new languages quickly" (phrase). In Thai, similar breakdown with "เพื่อนของฉัน" (subject) + "มีความสามารถ" (adjective) + rest.

Structural Analysis: A standard declarative form states facts; Thai mirrors this for emphasis on ability.

Interrogative Sentence

English: Are you capable of handling this task alone?

Thai: คุณมีความสามารถในการจัดการงานนี้ด้วยตัวเองหรือไม่? (Khun mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan jing jang ngan nee duay dtua eung rue mai?)

Grammatical Breakdown: "Are you" (inverted subject-verb) + "capable" (adjective) + rest. Thai ends with "หรือไม่" for questioning.

Structural Analysis: Questions probe capability; Thai structure maintains politeness.

Imperative Sentence

English: Be capable of adapting to changes in the environment.

Thai: จงมีความสามารถในการปรับตัวให้เข้ากับสภาพแวดล้อม (Jong mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan bpab dtua hai khao gap sa paet waet lom)

Grammatical Breakdown: "Be" (imperative verb) + "capable" (adjective). Thai uses "จง" for command.

Structural Analysis: Commands encourage action; Thai adds formality.

Exclamatory Sentence

English: How capable she is at solving problems!

Thai: เธอมีความสามารถในการแก้ปัญหามากแค่ไหน! (Ther mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan gae pan mak kae nai!)

Grammatical Breakdown: Exclamatory word + subject + adjective. Thai ends with "!" for emphasis.

Structural Analysis: Expresses admiration; Thai heightens emotion.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

English: He is capable.

Thai: เขามีความสามารถ (Kao mee kwaam sarm kern)

Grammatical Breakdown: Subject + verb + adjective.

Structural Analysis: Basic structure for beginners.

Intermediate Sentence

English: The student is capable of passing the exam with high scores.

Thai: นักเรียนมีความสามารถในการสอบผ่านด้วยคะแนนสูง (Nak riian mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan saap phan duay ka naen soong)

Grammatical Breakdown: Adds phrases for detail.

Structural Analysis: Builds complexity with modifiers.

Complex Sentence

English: Although he faced challenges, he proved he was capable of achieving his goals.

Thai: แม้เขาจะเผชิญกับความท้าทาย แต่เขาก็พิสูจน์ว่าตัวเองมีความสามารถในการบรรลุเป้าหมาย (Mae kao ja pae chan gap kwaam ta cha taai tae kao ga pi sood waa dtua eung mee kwaam sarm kern nai gaan ban lu pao maai)

Grammatical Breakdown: Includes clauses and conjunctions.

Structural Analysis: Uses subordination for advanced expression.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Competent – Used similarly to describe someone skilled in a specific area, e.g., in business contexts for "capable meaning in professional settings."
• Able – A near synonym emphasizing general capability, often in everyday scenarios like "able to handle tasks."

Antonyms:

• Incapable – Directly opposite, indicating a lack of ability, e.g., in discussions of limitations for SEO like "incapable vs. capable."
• Incompetent – Suggests inefficiency, used in formal critiques to contrast with "capable" in evaluations.

Common Collocations:

• Capable leader – Refers to someone who can guide effectively, common in leadership training for "capable in business."
• Capable of achieving – Highlights potential success, used in motivational contexts for personal growth.

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Thai culture, emphasizing capability (e.g., via "มีความสามารถ") often ties to the value of "kreng jai" (consideration and humility). People may downplay their capabilities to avoid appearing boastful, which contrasts with Western uses of "capable" for self-promotion. This nuance is key for SEO topics like "capable meaning in Thai culture."

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: "Capable" and its Thai translations are frequently used in educational and professional settings, especially among younger demographics like students and employees. It is popular in Thailand due to the emphasis on skill-based merit in society, with high frequency in job applications and social media for "capable usage habits."

Grammar Explanation

Grammatical Function:

"Capable" functions primarily as an adjective, modifying nouns or pronouns to describe ability (e.g., as a subject complement in "She is capable"). In Thai, equivalents like "มีความสามารถ" also act as adjectives but can integrate into verb phrases for fluidity.

Tense and Voice:

"Capable" doesn't change with tense directly but adapts through verbs (e.g., "was capable" for past, "will be capable" for future). In active voice, it describes the subject's ability; passive voice is less common (e.g., "The task was handled by capable hands"). Thai maintains similar tense variations via helpers like "เป็น" (pen) for states.

References

Etymology and History:

The word "capable" originates from the Latin "capabilis," meaning "able to take in or hold," evolving through Old French to Middle English around the 15th century. Its history reflects themes of capacity and potential, influencing modern uses in contexts like "capable meaning in history" for SEO.

Literary References:

• From Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice": "He was capable of a great deal more affection than she had ever dared to hope." This highlights emotional capability, sourced from Chapter 58.
• From modern literature, in Haruki Murakami's "Kafka on the Shore": "People are capable of great things if they put their minds to it," illustrating potential (Chapter 10). These references aid in exploring "capable in literary contexts."