Main Translations

English: Catalogue

Thai: แคตตาล็อก (Primary Translation 1)

Phonetic: kæt-ta-lɔk (using Romanization for ease of pronunciation; in Thai, it's pronounced with a rising tone on the first syllable).

Detailed Explanation: The word "catalogue" refers to a systematic list or record of items, such as products, books, or services, often organized for easy reference. In English, it carries a neutral, practical connotation and is commonly used in business, education, and everyday contexts. For instance, it implies organization and accessibility, evoking a sense of efficiency. In Thai, "แคตตาล็อก" is a direct loanword from English, widely used in modern contexts like online shopping or library systems. It retains similar semantic nuances, emphasizing structured information, but may carry a slight formal tone in Thai culture, where it is associated with professional or commercial settings.

Thai: บัญชีรายการ (Secondary Translation 2)

Phonetic: ban-chii rai-yaam (pronounced with a mid tone on "ban-chii" and a rising tone on "rai-yaam").

Detailed Explanation: This secondary translation is more literal and traditional, meaning "list of items" or "inventory record." It is less commonly used in casual speech but appears in formal or administrative contexts. Emotionally, it conveys a sense of meticulousness and reliability, similar to "catalogue," but with a more bureaucratic undertone. In Thai usage, it might be preferred in official documents or government-related scenarios, highlighting cultural emphasis on documentation and hierarchy.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

The word "catalogue" is primarily used as a noun to describe organized collections of information, such as product lists, library inventories, or online databases. Its usage scenarios span business (e.g., marketing materials), leisure (e.g., travel brochures), formal occasions (e.g., academic references), and informal settings (e.g., personal shopping). In Thai contexts, it often appears in digital or commercial environments, reflecting Thailand's growing e-commerce sector, and carries connotations of modernity and accessibility.

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

English: We need to update the product catalogue to include the new smartphone models.

Thai: เราต้องอัปเดตแคตตาล็อกสินค้าเพื่อรวมรุ่นสมาร์ทโฟนใหม่

Grammatical Breakdown: "We" (subject, pronoun) + "need" (modal verb, indicating necessity) + "to update" (infinitive verb phrase) + "the product catalogue" (direct object, noun phrase) + "to include" (infinitive purpose clause) + "the new smartphone models" (object noun phrase).

Structural Analysis: This is a declarative sentence with a compound structure, using an infinitive clause for purpose. It demonstrates "catalogue" as a direct object, emphasizing its role in business planning. SEO note: This sentence includes keywords like "product catalogue" for relevance in business contexts.

Leisure Scenario

English: I enjoyed browsing the travel catalogue for my next vacation destination.

Thai: ฉันเพลิดเพลินกับการท่องแคตตาล็อกท่องเที่ยวสำหรับจุดหมายปลายทางครั้งต่อไป

Grammatical Breakdown: "I" (subject, pronoun) + "enjoyed" (past tense verb) + "browsing" (gerund, acting as object) + "the travel catalogue" (direct object, noun phrase) + "for my next vacation destination" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: This declarative sentence uses a gerund phrase to describe an activity, with "catalogue" as the object of the gerund. It highlights leisure usage, showing how "catalogue" can evoke excitement or relaxation in informal contexts.

Formal Occasion

English: The library's catalogue system has been digitized for better accessibility.

Thai: ระบบแคตตาล็อกของห้องสมุดถูกดิจิทัลเพื่อความสะดวกในการเข้าถึงมากขึ้น

Grammatical Breakdown: "The library's catalogue system" (subject, noun phrase with possessive) + "has been digitized" (passive voice verb phrase) + "for better accessibility" (prepositional phrase indicating purpose).

Structural Analysis: A declarative sentence in passive voice, which emphasizes the action on the "catalogue system" rather than the doer. This formal structure suits professional or academic scenarios, underscoring "catalogue" as a key tool for organization.

Informal Occasion

English: Hey, check out this online catalogue for cool gadgets!

Thai: เฮ้ย ดูแคตตาล็อกออนไลน์นี้สำหรับของเล่นไฮเทคเจ๋งๆ หน่อยสิ!

Grammatical Breakdown: "Hey" (interjection) + "check out" (imperative verb phrase) + "this online catalogue" (direct object, noun phrase) + "for cool gadgets" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: An imperative sentence with an interjection for emphasis, making it casual. "Catalogue" here functions as a direct object in an informal command, reflecting everyday conversational use.

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

English: The company's catalogue features over 500 items.

Thai: แคตตาล็อกของบริษัทมีสินค้ากว่า 500 รายการ

Grammatical Breakdown: "The company's catalogue" (subject, noun phrase) + "features" (verb) + "over 500 items" (object, noun phrase).

Structural Analysis: A simple declarative sentence stating a fact, with "catalogue" as the subject. It builds SEO by including "company's catalogue" for business-related searches.

Interrogative Sentence

English: Have you seen the latest catalogue from the bookstore?

Thai: คุณเคยเห็นแคตตาล็อกล่าสุดจากร้านหนังสือหรือไม่?

Grammatical Breakdown: "Have you" (auxiliary verb + subject) + "seen" (past participle verb) + "the latest catalogue" (object, noun phrase) + "from the bookstore" (prepositional phrase) + "or not" (question tag).

Structural Analysis: An interrogative sentence using inversion for a yes/no question, with "catalogue" as the object. This encourages interaction, common in queries about products.

Imperative Sentence

English: Please refer to the catalogue before making your purchase.

Thai: กรุณาดูแคตตาล็อกก่อนตัดสินใจซื้อ

Grammatical Breakdown: "Please" (polite interjection) + "refer to" (imperative verb phrase) + "the catalogue" (object, noun phrase) + "before making your purchase" (subordinate clause).

Structural Analysis: An imperative sentence with a subordinate clause, using "catalogue" as the object to give instructions. It promotes polite, directive language.

Exclamatory Sentence

English: What a comprehensive catalogue this is!

Thai: แคตตาล็อกนี้ช่างครอบคลุมมากเลย!

Grammatical Breakdown: "What a" (exclamation starter) + "comprehensive catalogue" (noun phrase) + "this is" (copula verb phrase).

Structural Analysis: An exclamatory sentence expressing admiration, with "catalogue" as the main noun. It adds emotional emphasis, ideal for enthusiastic reviews.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

English: I like the catalogue.

Thai: ฉันชอบแคตตาล็อก

Grammatical Breakdown: "I" (subject) + "like" (verb) + "the catalogue" (object).

Structural Analysis: A basic subject-verb-object structure, making it easy for beginners. "Catalogue" serves as a simple direct object.

Intermediate Sentence

English: The online catalogue includes detailed descriptions of each product.

Thai: แคตตาล็อกออนไลน์มีรายละเอียดที่ละเอียดของสินค้าตัวละตัว

Grammatical Breakdown: "The online catalogue" (subject) + "includes" (verb) + "detailed descriptions" (object) + "of each product" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: An intermediate-level sentence with a prepositional phrase, expanding on "catalogue" as the subject for more context.

Complex Sentence

English: Although the catalogue was outdated, it still provided useful information for our research.

Thai: แม้ว่าแคตตาล็อกจะล้าสมัย แต่ก็ยังให้ข้อมูลที่มีประโยชน์สำหรับการวิจัยของเรา

Grammatical Breakdown: "Although the catalogue was outdated" (subordinate clause) + "it still provided" (main clause verb) + "useful information" (object) + "for our research" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: A complex sentence with a subordinate concessive clause, showing "catalogue" in a nuanced context for advanced users.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Directory – Used for organized lists, often in digital contexts; e.g., "The website's directory functions like a catalogue for services."
• Inventory – Refers to a stock list, similar in business settings; e.g., "The store's inventory is essentially a physical catalogue."

Antonyms:

• Chaos – Implies disorganization, opposite of a structured catalogue; e.g., "Without a catalogue, the files descended into chaos."
• Disorder – Suggests lack of system, contrasting with catalogue's orderly nature; e.g., "The disorganized shelf was the antithesis of a catalogue."

Common Collocations:

• Product catalogue – Refers to a list of goods in commerce; e.g., "Businesses often use a product catalogue to attract customers."
• Online catalogue – Indicates a digital version, popular in e-commerce; e.g., "An online catalogue makes shopping more convenient."

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Thai culture, catalogues are influenced by Western commercial practices, especially with the rise of globalization. For example, during festivals like Songkran or Loy Krathong, tourism catalogues promote cultural experiences, blending traditional elements with modern marketing to preserve and share Thai heritage.

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: Catalogues are frequently used in urban areas among younger demographics due to e-commerce popularity, such as on platforms like Lazada or Shopee. They are less common in rural settings, where oral traditions prevail, making "แคตตาล็อก" more associated with tech-savvy groups and daily in formal or online interactions.

Grammar Explanation

Grammatical Function: "Catalogue" primarily functions as a noun (e.g., as a subject or object in sentences). It can also be a verb, meaning to list or organize items (e.g., "We will catalogue the books"), where it acts as the main verb.

Tense and Voice: As a noun, it doesn't change tenses, but as a verb, it follows standard conjugation: present (catalogue), past (catalogued), future (will catalogue). In passive voice, it might appear as "The items were catalogued by the team," emphasizing the action rather than the doer.

References

Etymology and History:

The word "catalogue" originates from the Greek "kata" (down) and "legein" (to say or list), evolving through Latin "catalogus" and French "catalogue." It entered English in the 15th century, initially for book lists, and has since expanded to modern uses like digital databases, reflecting advancements in information organization.

Literary References:

• From George Orwell's "1984": "The catalogue of forbidden books grew daily," illustrating control and surveillance (source: Penguin Classics edition, 1949). This usage highlights "catalogue" in a dystopian context.
• From Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice": "The catalogue of accomplishments required for a young lady was extensive," showing social commentary on expectations (source: T. Egerton, 1813).