Main Translations

• English: concede
• Thai: ยอมรับ (Yam Rap)
• Phonetic: yom ráp (pronounced with a rising tone on "rap")
• Detailed Explanation: "ยอมรับ" is primarily used to translate "concede" in contexts involving admitting or accepting something as true, often reluctantly, such as in debates, negotiations, or arguments. It carries emotional connotations of defeat, humility, or compromise, implying a sense of giving in after resistance. Semantic nuances include its application in formal settings where maintaining face or harmony is important, as in Thai culture where direct confrontation is avoided. Usage scenarios include political discussions, business deals, or personal apologies.
• Thai: ยอมแพ้ (Yam Pae)
• Phonetic: yom pâe (pronounced with a falling tone on "pâe")
• Detailed Explanation: This secondary translation is more specific to scenarios of surrender or defeat, such as in sports, games, or competitions. It evokes emotional connotations of resignation or sportsmanship, with nuances of finality and acceptance of loss. In Thai contexts, it might be used in casual conversations or media reports about events like elections or matches, reflecting cultural values of grace in defeat to preserve social harmony.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

"Concede" is a versatile verb primarily used in English to denote the act of admitting defeat, yielding a point, or accepting an argument as valid. Common scenarios include debates (e.g., intellectual discussions), negotiations (e.g., business or diplomacy), and competitions (e.g., sports). In Thai translations like "ยอมรับ" or "ยอมแพ้," it often appears in formal or informal settings where emotional undertones of reluctance or fairness play a role. Overall, it highlights themes of compromise, humility, and resolution, making it essential in contexts involving conflict resolution or acknowledgment.

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

• English: The CEO had to concede to the investors' demands during the board meeting.
• Thai: ซีอีโอต้องยอมรับข้อเรียกร้องของนักลงทุนในการประชุมคณะกรรมการ
• Grammatical Breakdown: "The CEO" (subject, noun phrase) + "had to" (modal verb indicating obligation) + "concede" (main verb, transitive) + "to the investors' demands" (prepositional phrase, object). In Thai, "ซีอีโอต้อง" (subject + modal verb) + "ยอมรับ" (verb) + "ข้อเรียกร้องของนักลงทุน" (object noun phrase) + "ในการประชุมคณะกรรมการ" (prepositional phrase).
• Structural Analysis: This is a simple declarative sentence with a subject-verb-object structure. "Concede" functions as a transitive verb, emphasizing obligation in a professional context, which is common in business negotiations to show power dynamics.

Leisure Scenario

• English: After a tough game, the team captain decided to concede defeat gracefully.
• Thai: หลังจากเกมที่ดุเดือด กัปตันทีมตัดสินใจยอมแพ้อย่างสง่างาม
• Grammatical Breakdown: "After a tough game" (adverbial phrase) + "the team captain" (subject) + "decided" (verb) + "to concede defeat" (infinitive phrase, object). In Thai, "หลังจากเกมที่ดุเดือด" (adverbial phrase) + "กัปตันทีม" (subject) + "ตัดสินใจ" (verb) + "ยอมแพ้อย่างสง่างาม" (verb phrase).
• Structural Analysis: This compound sentence builds tension with an adverbial clause, using "concede" to convey sportsmanship. It highlights emotional nuance in leisure activities, where acceptance fosters positive relationships.

Formal Occasion

• English: In the debate, the politician was forced to concede that his policy was flawed.
• Thai: ในการโต้วาที นักการเมืองถูกบังคับให้ยอมรับว่านโยบายของเขามีข้อบกพร่อง
• Grammatical Breakdown: "In the debate" (prepositional phrase) + "the politician" (subject) + "was forced" (passive verb phrase) + "to concede" (infinitive) + "that his policy was flawed" (subordinate clause). In Thai, "ในการโต้วาที" (prepositional phrase) + "นักการเมือง" (subject) + "ถูกบังคับให้" (passive construction) + "ยอมรับ" (verb) + "ว่านโยบายของเขามีข้อบกพร่อง" (subordinate clause).
• Structural Analysis: A complex sentence with a subordinate clause, "concede" acts as a linking verb to a fact, common in formal settings to maintain decorum and logical flow.

Informal Occasion

• English: I had to concede that my friend was right about the movie plot.
• Thai: ฉันต้องยอมรับว่าคุณเพื่อนพูดถูกเกี่ยวกับพล็อตเรื่องหนัง
• Grammatical Breakdown: "I" (subject) + "had to" (modal verb) + "concede" (verb) + "that my friend was right" (subordinate clause). In Thai, "ฉันต้อง" (subject + modal) + "ยอมรับ" (verb) + "ว่าคุณเพื่อนพูดถูก" (subordinate clause) + "เกี่ยวกับพล็อตเรื่องหนัง" (prepositional phrase).
• Structural Analysis: An informal declarative sentence with a simple structure, "concede" expresses personal realization, often used in casual conversations to build rapport.

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

• English: She conceded the argument to end the discussion.
• Thai: เธอยอมรับข้อโต้แย้งเพื่อยุติการสนทนา
• Grammatical Breakdown: "She" (subject) + "conceded" (verb) + "the argument" (object) + "to end the discussion" (infinitive phrase). In Thai, "เธอ" (subject) + "ยอมรับ" (verb) + "ข้อโต้แย้ง" (object) + "เพื่อยุติการสนทนา" (purpose clause).
• Structural Analysis: Straightforward subject-verb-object, used to state facts and resolve conflicts.

Interrogative Sentence

• English: Will you concede that I have a valid point?
• Thai: คุณจะยอมรับว่าฉันมีจุดยืนที่ถูกต้องไหม?
• Grammatical Breakdown: "Will you" (subject + auxiliary verb) + "concede" (main verb) + "that I have a valid point" (object clause). In Thai, "คุณจะ" (subject + auxiliary) + "ยอมรับ" (verb) + "ว่าฉันมีจุดยืนที่ถูกต้อง" (clause) + "ไหม?" (question particle).
• Structural Analysis: Inverted structure for questions, "concede" prompts reflection, ideal for debates or negotiations.

Imperative Sentence

• English: Concede the point and move on!
• Thai: ยอมรับจุดนั้นและไปต่อเถอะ!
• Grammatical Breakdown: "Concede" (imperative verb) + "the point" (object) + "and move on" (conjunction + verb phrase). In Thai, "ยอมรับ" (imperative verb) + "จุดนั้น" (object) + "และไปต่อ" (conjunction + verb) + "เถอะ!" (exhortative particle).
• Structural Analysis: Direct command form, "concede" urges action, common in persuasive or urgent contexts.

Exclamatory Sentence

• English: I can't believe you finally conceded!
• Thai: ฉันไม่อยากเชื่อเลยที่คุณยอมรับในที่สุด!
• Grammatical Breakdown: "I can't believe" (expressive phrase) + "you" (subject) + "finally conceded" (verb phrase). In Thai, "ฉันไม่อยากเชื่อเลย" (expressive phrase) + "ที่คุณ" (relative clause) + "ยอมรับในที่สุด" (verb phrase).
• Structural Analysis: Emphasizes surprise with exclamation, "concede" adds emotional weight for dramatic effect.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

• English: He conceded the game.
• Thai: เขายอมแพ้เกม
• Grammatical Breakdown: "He" (subject) + "conceded" (verb) + "the game" (object). In Thai, "เขา" (subject) + "ยอมแพ้" (verb) + "เกม" (object).
• Structural Analysis: Basic subject-verb-object, easy for beginners to understand.

Intermediate Sentence

• English: Although tired, the athlete refused to concede until the end.
• Thai: แม้จะเหนื่อย แต่อย่างไรนักกีฬาก็ไม่ยอมแพ้จนกว่าจะจบ
• Grammatical Breakdown: "Although tired" (subordinate clause) + "the athlete" (subject) + "refused" (verb) + "to concede" (infinitive). In Thai, "แม้จะเหนื่อย" (subordinate clause) + "แต่" (conjunction) + "นักกีฬา" (subject) + "ก็ไม่ยอมแพ้" (verb phrase).
• Structural Analysis: Uses a subordinate clause for contrast, building complexity while maintaining clarity.

Complex Sentence

• English: Because the evidence was overwhelming, the defendant had no choice but to concede guilt in court.
• Thai: เนื่องจากหลักฐานชัดเจนมาก ผู้ถูกกล่าวหาจึงไม่มีทางเลือกอื่นนอกจากยอมรับความผิดในศาล
• Grammatical Breakdown: "Because the evidence was overwhelming" (subordinate clause) + "the defendant" (subject) + "had no choice" (verb phrase) + "but to concede guilt" (infinitive phrase) + "in court" (prepositional phrase). In Thai, "เนื่องจากหลักฐานชัดเจนมาก" (subordinate clause) + "ผู้ถูกกล่าวหา" (subject) + "จึงไม่มีทางเลือกอื่น" (verb phrase) + "นอกจากยอมรับความผิด" (infinitive) + "ในศาล" (prepositional phrase).
• Structural Analysis: Multi-clause structure with cause-effect relationships, ideal for advanced legal or formal contexts.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Admit – Used similarly to concede, often in confessions or acknowledgments (e.g., "admit defeat" implies the same reluctant acceptance).
• Yield – Refers to giving way, especially in conflicts or negotiations, with a connotation of temporary surrender.

Antonyms:

• Deny – The opposite of concede, indicating refusal to accept or admit (e.g., "deny allegations" in legal settings).
• Resist – Implies actively opposing or fighting against, contrasting with the yielding nature of concede.

Common Collocations:

• Concede defeat – Used in competitive scenarios to formally admit loss, emphasizing grace and closure.
• Concede a point – Common in debates, where one acknowledges a valid argument, promoting intellectual fairness.

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Western cultures, particularly in English-speaking countries, "concede" embodies values of sportsmanship and fair play, as seen in sports like soccer or debates. For instance, in American politics, conceding an election is a tradition that upholds democratic norms, symbolizing respect for the process. In Thai culture, equivalents like "ยอมรับ" align with the concept of "kreng jai" (consideration for others), where conceding maintains social harmony rather than escalating conflicts.

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: "Concede" is frequently used in formal and professional settings in English, with high popularity among adults in business or academia. In Thai, "ยอมรับ" or "ยอมแพ้" is common in everyday conversations, especially among younger generations influenced by global media, but it's less frequent in informal Thai speech to avoid direct confrontation.

Grammar Explanation

• Grammatical Function: "Concede" primarily functions as a transitive verb, acting as the main action in a sentence (e.g., subject performs the action on an object). It can also serve in infinitive or gerund forms, such as "to concede" or "conceding," making it flexible as part of verb phrases.
• Tense and Voice: "Concede" changes with tenses: present (concedes), past (conceded), future (will concede). In voice, it is active by default (e.g., "He concedes the point"), but can be passive (e.g., "The point was conceded by him"), which shifts focus from the doer to the action, common in formal writing for objectivity.

References

Etymology and History:

The word "concede" originates from the Latin "concedere," meaning "to go away, withdraw, or yield," combining "con-" (together) and "cedere" (to go or yield). It evolved through Old French into Middle English around the 15th century, initially used in legal contexts to mean granting rights. Over time, it expanded to include modern usages in debates and sports, reflecting societal shifts toward negotiation and fairness.

Literary References:

• From William Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" (Act 3, Scene 1): "Et tu, Brute? Then fall, Caesar!" – Here, the implied concession of life by Caesar highlights themes of betrayal and defeat, showcasing "concede" in a dramatic context.
• From modern literature, in George Orwell's "1984," the protagonist Winston must "concede" to the Party's ideology, illustrating psychological surrender and its use in themes of totalitarianism.