Main Translations

English: Criterion

Thai: เกณฑ์ (Gehn)

Phonetic: Gehn

Detailed Explanation: The Thai word "เกณฑ์" is the primary translation for "criterion" and is commonly used in contexts involving standards, evaluations, or benchmarks for decision-making. For instance, in educational or professional settings, it carries a neutral to positive connotation, emphasizing objectivity and fairness. Semantic nuances include its role in formal assessments, such as exam criteria or hiring standards, where it implies a measurable guideline. Usage scenarios often involve structured environments like business meetings or academic discussions, making it a key term for SEO-related content on "criterion meaning in Thai."

Thai: หลักเกณฑ์ (Lak Gehn)

Phonetic: Lak Gehn

Detailed Explanation: As a secondary translation, "หลักเกณฑ์" refers to a set of criteria or principles, often implying a more comprehensive system. It has a formal tone and is used in scenarios requiring detailed frameworks, such as legal or governmental regulations. Emotionally, it conveys reliability and structure, with nuances highlighting hierarchy and thoroughness. In everyday Thai language, it's prevalent in "criterion usage" discussions, like policy-making, and aligns with SEO optimization for phrases like "criterion in Thai culture."

Overview of Usage Scenarios

"Criterion" is a noun primarily used in formal and professional contexts to denote a standard or principle for evaluation, judgment, or selection. Its main usage scenarios include academic assessments, business decisions, and everyday problem-solving, where it helps establish clear benchmarks. In Thai translations like "เกณฑ์," it appears in educational, legal, and social settings, emphasizing objectivity and fairness. This word is versatile, appearing in both spoken and written language, and is essential for SEO-optimized content on "criterion meaning" due to its frequent use in decision-making processes.

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

English: The main criterion for selecting a new supplier is their reliability and cost-effectiveness.

Thai: เกณฑ์หลักในการเลือกซัพพลายเออร์รายใหม่คือความน่าเชื่อถือและความคุ้มค่าทางต้นทุน (Gehn lak nai kan leuk sapplai-er rai mai keu khwam na cheua thu lae khwam khum kha thang dton tum).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) functions as the subject complement, modified by "main" (หลัก). "For selecting" is a prepositional phrase indicating purpose, while "reliability and cost-effectiveness" are compound objects describing the criterion.

Structural Analysis: This sentence follows a subject-verb-object structure, common in business English. In Thai, it uses a topic-comment structure for emphasis, making it suitable for formal "criterion usage" in professional emails or reports.

Leisure Scenario

English: One key criterion for choosing a vacation spot is the availability of relaxing beaches.

Thai: เกณฑ์สำคัญสำหรับการเลือกสถานที่พักผ่อนคือความมีหาดทรายที่ผ่อนคลาย (Gehn saksit samrap kan leuk sathan thi pak phon keu khwam mi hat sai thi phon khlay).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) acts as the subject, with "one key" as a modifier. "For choosing" is a prepositional phrase, and "availability of relaxing beaches" is a noun phrase as the object.

Structural Analysis: The sentence is declarative and informal, using simple clauses for everyday conversation. In Thai, it employs connectors for flow, ideal for casual "criterion meaning" discussions in travel blogs.

Formal Occasion

English: The primary criterion for awarding the scholarship is academic excellence.

Thai: เกณฑ์หลักสำหรับการมอบทุนการศึกษาคือความเป็นเลิศทางวิชาการ (Gehn lak samrap kan mob tun kan suksa keu khwam pen lei set thang wicha kan).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the subject, preceded by "primary" for emphasis. "For awarding" is a prepositional phrase, and "academic excellence" is a noun phrase as the predicate nominative.

Structural Analysis: This formal structure uses precise language, typical in official documents. Thai translation maintains a parallel structure, enhancing clarity in "criterion usage" for academic or ceremonial contexts.

Informal Occasion

English: My personal criterion for a good movie is that it has to be funny and engaging.

Thai: เกณฑ์ส่วนตัวของฉันสำหรับหนังที่ดีคือต้องตลกและน่าติดตาม (Gehn suan tua khong chan samrap nang thi dee keu dtong tlok lae na tid tam).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is modified by "personal" and functions as the subject. "For a good movie" is a prepositional phrase, with "that it has to be funny and engaging" as a relative clause.

Structural Analysis: Informal and conversational, this sentence uses subjective language. In Thai, it incorporates first-person pronouns for relatability, fitting for casual "criterion meaning" in social media.

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

English: The selection criterion is based on experience and skills.

Thai: เกณฑ์การคัดเลือกอิงจากประสบการณ์และทักษะ (Gehn kan khat leuk ing chak prasop kan lae tak sa).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the subject, with "selection" as a modifier. "Is based on" links to the predicate.

Structural Analysis: Straightforward declarative form, stating facts. Thai version mirrors this for clear "criterion usage" in explanations.

Interrogative Sentence

English: What is the main criterion for passing the exam?

Thai: เกณฑ์หลักสำหรับการสอบผ่านคืออะไร (Gehn lak samrap kan saop phan keu a rai).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the object of the question. "What is" forms the interrogative structure.

Structural Analysis: Inverted word order for questions, encouraging dialogue. Thai uses question words at the end, common in "criterion meaning" inquiries.

Imperative Sentence

English: Consider the quality criterion before making a purchase.

Thai: พิจารณาเกณฑ์คุณภาพก่อนตัดสินใจซื้อ (Pi chan na gehn khun a phap kon tad sin jai sue).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the direct object. "Consider" is the imperative verb.

Structural Analysis: Commands with direct advice. Thai imperative is polite, suitable for "criterion usage" in instructions.

Exclamatory Sentence

English: What a strict criterion they have for team selection!

Thai: เกณฑ์การคัดเลือกทีมของเขานั้นเข้มงวดมาก! (Gehn kan khat leuk tim khong kao nan khem ngot mak!).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the focus, with "strict" as a modifier. Exclamation mark adds emphasis.

Structural Analysis: Expresses strong emotion. Thai uses intensifiers for impact, enhancing "criterion meaning" in expressive contexts.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

English: The criterion is clear.

Thai: เกณฑ์ชัดเจน (Gehn chat chen).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is the subject; "is clear" is the predicate.

Structural Analysis: Basic subject-verb structure, easy for beginners in "criterion usage."

Intermediate Sentence

English: Based on the criterion, we must evaluate the options carefully.

Thai: ตามเกณฑ์ เราต้องประเมินตัวเลือกอย่างรอบคอบ (Dtam gehn rao dtong pra meun tua leuk yang rob khob).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is part of a prepositional phrase; "we must evaluate" is the main clause.

Structural Analysis: Compound structure with subordination, building on basic "criterion meaning."

Complex Sentence

English: Although the criterion for success varies, it always includes hard work and dedication.

Thai: แม้ว่าเกณฑ์ความสำเร็จจะแตกต่างกัน แต่ก็รวมถึงความขยันและความทุ่มเทเสมอ (Ma wa gehn khwam sam ret ja tak tang gan tae gor rum teung khwam kha yan lae khwam thum the samoe).

Grammatical Breakdown: "Criterion" (เกณฑ์) is in the subordinate clause; multiple clauses add complexity.

Structural Analysis: Uses conjunctions for depth, ideal for advanced "criterion usage" in essays.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Standard – Often used interchangeably with "criterion" in quality control; e.g., "This is the standard for excellence," emphasizing norms in "criterion meaning."
• Benchmark – Refers to a point of reference, similar to "criterion," but implies measurement; e.g., in business for performance metrics.

Antonyms:

• Anomaly – The opposite of a standard criterion, indicating something irregular; e.g., "This result is an anomaly, not the criterion."
• Exception – Contrasts with "criterion" by denoting a deviation; e.g., in rules where exceptions undermine standards.

Common Collocations:

• Selection criterion – Used in hiring or choices; e.g., "The selection criterion focuses on skills," key for "criterion usage" in HR.
• Evaluation criterion – Refers to assessment standards; e.g., in education, optimizing for "criterion meaning" in academic SEO.

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Thai culture, "criterion" (translated as "เกณฑ์") often reflects hierarchical and collectivist values, where standards are set by authorities in education and society. For example, in Thai schools, strict criteria for exams symbolize respect for tradition and meritocracy, influencing "criterion meaning" in modern contexts like standardized testing.

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: "Criterion" is frequently used in formal Thai communication, such as official documents or business meetings, by professionals and educators. It has high popularity in urban areas, with daily occurrences in media, making it a staple for SEO content on "criterion in Thai." Informal use is less common, often limited to educated groups.

Grammar Explanation

Grammatical Function: "Criterion" is a countable noun that typically functions as a subject, object, or complement in sentences. For example, as a subject: "The criterion determines the outcome." In Thai, it behaves similarly, often as a direct object in verb phrases.

Tense and Voice: As a noun, "criterion" does not change with tense but can appear in various voices through surrounding verbs. In active voice: "We set the criterion." In passive: "The criterion was established." Plural form is "criteria," which is irregular and common in formal writing for "criterion usage."

References

Etymology and History:

The word "criterion" originates from the Greek "kriterion," meaning "a means for judging," derived from "krinein" (to decide). It evolved through Latin into English in the 17th century, gaining prominence in scientific and philosophical contexts. In Thai, "เกณฑ์" has roots in ancient measurement systems, adapting to modern "criterion meaning" through Western influences during the 19th-century reforms.

Literary References:

• From George Orwell's 1984: "The Party's criterion for truth is what it says it is." This highlights "criterion" in authoritarian contexts, sourced from the novel's exploration of reality and control.
• In Thai literature, from Sida Phaendin's works: "เกณฑ์ชีวิตคือการดิ้นรน" (The criterion of life is struggle), illustrating personal standards in cultural narratives.