BaanWords

cynicism

ความคลั่งแคลง - Thai translation

Main Translations

  • English: Cynicism
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลง (Kwahm klang klaeng)
    • Detailed Explanation: In Thai, "ความคลั่งแคลง" is commonly used to translate cynicism, emphasizing a deep-seated distrust or skepticism toward people's motives, institutions, or ideals. It carries emotional connotations of negativity and disillusionment, often in contexts like politics, relationships, or social issues. For SEO purposes, this term aligns with searches for "cynicism meaning in Thai." Usage scenarios include everyday conversations about distrust in authority or personal experiences of betrayal, highlighting semantic nuances of intellectual detachment rather than outright hostility.
  • Thai: การเยาะเย้ย (Kan yao yoe)
    • Detailed Explanation: This secondary translation refers to a mocking or contemptuous attitude, capturing the sarcastic edge of cynicism. It implies emotional connotations of ridicule and frustration, often used in informal or critical discussions. Semantic nuances include its application in scenarios involving social commentary or interpersonal conflicts, such as criticizing hypocrisy. For users searching "cynicism examples in Thai," this highlights how it differs from pure skepticism by adding a layer of derision.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

Cynicism, as a noun, is primarily used to describe a skeptical or distrustful attitude toward human sincerity, often stemming from disappointment or negative experiences. Its main usage scenarios include philosophical discussions (e.g., ancient Greek origins), everyday conversations about politics or business, and personal reflections on relationships. In Thai contexts, it appears in media critiques or social media debates, reflecting growing distrust in institutions, which ties into SEO keywords like "cynicism in modern society."

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

  • English: His cynicism about the new merger made him question the company's motives.
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลงของเขาต่อการควบรวมใหม่ทำให้เขาสงสัยในเจตนาของบริษัท (Kwahm klang klaeng khong khao tor kan kwap ruam mai tam dai hai khao song si nai jeh tan khong bori sat).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "His" (possessive pronoun), "cynicism" (noun, subject), "about" (preposition), "the new merger" (noun phrase, object of preposition), "made" (verb), "him" (pronoun, object), "question" (verb), "the company's motives" (noun phrase, object).
  • Structural Analysis: This is a complex sentence with a main clause ("made him question") and a prepositional phrase ("about the new merger"). It demonstrates how cynicism functions as a noun influencing action, common in business discussions for SEO-related content like "cynicism in business examples."

Leisure Scenario

  • English: During the movie, her cynicism toward happy endings ruined the fun for everyone.
  • Thai: ในระหว่างดูหนัง ความคลั่งแคลงของเธอต่อตอนจบที่สุขสันต์ทำให้ความสนุกหายไปสำหรับทุกคน (Nai ben tua du nang, kwahm klang klaeng khong thoe tor dton job thi sook san tam dai hai kwahm sook hai pai sam rap took kon).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "During" (preposition), "the movie" (noun phrase), "her" (possessive pronoun), "cynicism" (noun), "toward" (preposition), "happy endings" (noun phrase), "ruined" (verb), "the fun" (noun, object), "for everyone" (prepositional phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: The sentence uses a subordinate clause ("During the movie") to set the scene, with cynicism as the core noun driving the narrative. This structure is typical in leisure contexts, aiding SEO for "cynicism in everyday life."

Formal Occasion

  • English: The speaker's cynicism regarding political promises was evident in his speech.
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลงของผู้พูดต่อคำสัญญาทางการเมืองชัดเจนในสุนทรพจน์ของเขา (Kwahm klang klaeng khong poo phut tor kam san ya tahng karn meung chat chen nai soon dtr phan khong khao).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "The speaker's" (possessive noun phrase), "cynicism" (noun), "regarding" (preposition), "political promises" (noun phrase), "was evident" (verb phrase), "in his speech" (prepositional phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: This declarative sentence employs a formal tone with cynicism as the subject complement, suitable for professional settings and optimizing for "cynicism in formal language."

Informal Occasion

  • English: Don't let your cynicism spoil the party; not everyone is out to get you.
  • Thai: อย่าปล่อยให้ความคลั่งแคลงของคุณทำลายปาร์ตี้ คนไม่ใช่ทุกคนที่อยากได้เปรียบคุณ (Yah bpai hai kwahm klang klaeng khong kun tum lai paati, kon mai chai took kon thi yak dai bpriap kun).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Don't" (contraction of do not, imperative verb), "let" (verb), "your" (possessive pronoun), "cynicism" (noun, object), "spoil" (verb), "the party" (noun phrase), "not everyone" (noun phrase, subject of subordinate clause).
  • Structural Analysis: An imperative sentence with a warning tone, where cynicism acts as a direct object, making it relatable for informal SEO queries like "cynicism in casual conversations."

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

  • English: Cynicism often arises from repeated disappointments in life.
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลงมักเกิดขึ้นจากความผิดหวังซ้ำซากในชีวิต (Kwahm klang klaeng mak gèrt kheun jaak kwahm pit wang sap sak nai chee wit).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Cynicism" (noun, subject), "often" (adverb), "arises" (verb), "from" (preposition), "repeated disappointments" (noun phrase), "in life" (prepositional phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: Straightforward subject-verb-object structure, ideal for stating facts and enhancing SEO for "cynicism definition and examples."

Interrogative Sentence

  • English: Is your cynicism preventing you from trusting new friends?
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลงของคุณกำลังขัดขวางคุณจากการไว้ใจเพื่อนใหม่หรือ? (Kwahm klang klaeng khong kun gam lang khat khwang kun jaak gaan waik jai peuan mai rue?)
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Is" (auxiliary verb), "your cynicism" (possessive noun phrase, subject), "preventing" (verb), "you" (object), "from trusting" (infinitive phrase), "new friends" (noun phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: Question form with inversion, using cynicism as the subject to provoke reflection, useful for SEO in "cynicism questions and answers."

Imperative Sentence

  • English: Overcome your cynicism and give people the benefit of the doubt.
  • Thai: เอาชนะความคลั่งแคลงของคุณและให้คนอื่นได้โอกาสพิสูจน์ตัวเอง (Ao chana kwahm klang klaeng khong kun lae hai kon euhn dai ookat pee sook dtua eng).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Overcome" (imperative verb), "your cynicism" (possessive noun phrase, object), "and" (conjunction), "give" (verb), "people" (object), "the benefit" (noun phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: Command structure with coordinated actions, where cynicism is an object, optimizing for "cynicism advice and usage."

Exclamatory Sentence

  • English: What a level of cynicism in today's politics!
  • Thai: ช่างเป็นความคลั่งแคลงในทางการเมืองสมัยนี้เลย! (Chang pen kwahm klang klaeng nai tahng karn meung samai ni loei!)
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "What a level" (exclamation starter), "of cynicism" (prepositional phrase), "in today's politics" (prepositional phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: Exclamatory form for emphasis, with cynicism as a key descriptor, aiding SEO for "cynicism in expressive language."

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

  • English: Cynicism hurts relationships.
  • Thai: ความคลั่งแคลงทำร้ายความสัมพันธ์ (Kwahm klang klaeng tum rai kwahm sam pan).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Cynicism" (noun, subject), "hurts" (verb), "relationships" (noun, object).
  • Structural Analysis: Basic subject-verb-object, beginner-friendly for SEO like "simple cynicism examples."

Intermediate Sentence

  • English: Despite his cynicism, he decided to take a chance on the opportunity.
  • Thai: แม้จะมีความคลั่งแคลง เขาก็ตัดสินใจเสี่ยงโอกาสนั้น (Mae ja kwa kwahm klang klaeng, khao ga dtat sin jai seng ookat nan).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Despite" (conjunction), "his cynicism" (possessive noun phrase), "he" (subject), "decided" (verb), "to take" (infinitive), "a chance" (noun phrase).
  • Structural Analysis: Compound structure with a concessive clause, suitable for intermediate learners and "cynicism intermediate examples."

Complex Sentence

  • English: Because cynicism can stem from past failures, it's important to address it through self-reflection and positive experiences.
  • Thai: เนื่องจากความคลั่งแคลงอาจเกิดจากความล้มเหลวในอดีต จึงสำคัญที่ต้องจัดการมันด้วยการใคร่ครวญตนเองและประสบการณ์เชิงบวก (Neung jaak kwahm klang klaeng aat gèrt jaak kwahm lum leu kwa nai a dit, jeung sum khun thi tong jun gun man duay gaan khrai khrawan dtua eng lae prasop kan cheung bok).
  • Grammatical Breakdown: "Because" (subordinating conjunction), "cynicism" (noun, subject of subordinate clause), "can stem" (verb phrase), "from past failures" (prepositional phrase), "it's important" (main clause), "to address" (infinitive).
  • Structural Analysis: Multi-clause structure with subordination, ideal for advanced SEO queries like "complex cynicism sentences in Thai."

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

  • Skepticism – Often used interchangeably with cynicism, but focuses more on doubt without mockery; e.g., in philosophical debates.
  • Pessimism – A near synonym emphasizing negative expectations, as in "His pessimism overshadowed the team's optimism."

Antonyms:

  • Optimism – The opposite, representing a positive outlook; e.g., "Her optimism countered his cynicism during the discussion."
  • Idealism – Contrasts by focusing on high principles; e.g., "Idealism can be naive in the face of cynicism."

Common Collocations:

  • Bitter cynicism – Refers to deep, resentful distrust; e.g., in political contexts for SEO like "cynicism in society."
  • Deep cynicism – Indicates profound skepticism; e.g., "Deep cynicism about media influenced public opinion."

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

  • Cultural Point 1: In Western culture, cynicism traces back to ancient Greek philosophy, particularly the Cynics like Diogenes, who rejected societal norms. This influences modern usage in literature and media, making it a keyword for "cynicism historical meaning." In Thai culture, it's less rooted in philosophy but appears in critiques of corruption or social media, reflecting a growing distrust in institutions post-2010s.

Usage Habits:

  • Habit 1: Cynicism is frequently used in urban, educated circles in Thailand, especially among younger generations on social platforms. It's popular in informal settings but less so in traditional ones, with high frequency in online discussions for SEO optimization like "cynicism usage in Thai culture."

Grammar Explanation

  • Grammatical Function: Cynicism functions as an uncountable noun, typically serving as a subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase in sentences (e.g., "Cynicism dominates his worldview").
  • Tense and Voice: As a noun, it doesn't change tenses. However, it can appear in various verb constructions, such as passive voice (e.g., "Cynicism was fueled by the scandal"), maintaining its role without alteration.

References

Etymology and History:

Cynicism originates from the Greek word "kynikos," meaning "dog-like," referring to the ancient Cynic philosophers who lived austerely and criticized society. It evolved in English during the 19th century to denote distrust, and in Thai, it's adapted as "ความคลั่งแคลง" for modern contexts, enhancing SEO for "cynicism etymology and origin."

Literary References:

  • From Oscar Wilde's "The Picture of Dorian Gray": "Cynicism is the last refuge of the sentimentalist." This quote illustrates cynicism as a defense mechanism, popular in literary analyses.
  • In Thai literature, such as in the works of Chart Korbjitti, cynicism appears in social critiques, e.g., in "The Judgment," where characters exhibit distrust toward societal norms, tying into "cynicism in Thai literature."