Main Translations

• English: Derogatory
• Thai: ดูหมิ่น (Primary Translation 1)
• Phonetic: Doom min
• Detailed Explanation: The Thai term "ดูหมิ่น" is commonly used to describe words, actions, or expressions that belittle, insult, or show disrespect toward someone or something. It carries strong emotional connotations of offense and harm, often implying a power imbalance. Usage scenarios include everyday conversations, legal contexts (e.g., defamation cases), and social media discussions. Semantically, it emphasizes the negative impact on the recipient's dignity, making it a nuanced word for addressing bullying or discriminatory language in Thai culture.
• Thai: หมิ่นประมาท (Secondary Translation 2)
• Phonetic: Min bpra-maat
• Detailed Explanation: This term is more specific and formal, translating to "slander" or "defamation." It is used in legal or serious contexts where derogatory statements could lead to harm, such as in court cases or public criticisms. Emotionally, it conveys outrage and potential consequences, with semantic nuances focusing on intentional harm or false accusations. In usage scenarios, it's prevalent in journalism, politics, and interpersonal conflicts, highlighting the cultural sensitivity around reputation in Thai society.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

The word "derogatory" is primarily an adjective used to describe language, remarks, or behaviors that express criticism, disrespect, or contempt toward individuals, groups, or ideas. Its main usage scenarios include social interactions (e.g., arguments or debates), professional settings (e.g., workplace conflicts), legal contexts (e.g., hate speech or defamation), and media discussions (e.g., analyzing biased content). For SEO purposes, note that "derogatory meaning" often arises in searches related to emotional harm, cultural sensitivity, and ethical communication. Overall, it highlights negative connotations and is employed to address issues of equality and respect across various contexts.

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

• English: His derogatory comments about the competitor's product damaged the company's reputation during the meeting.
• Thai: ความคิดเห็นที่ดูหมิ่นของเขาต่อสินค้าของคู่แข่งทำให้ชื่อเสียงของบริษัทเสียหายในการประชุม.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "His" (possessive pronoun) modifies "comments" (noun).
  • "Derogatory" (adjective) describes "comments," indicating negative quality.
  • "About the competitor's product" (prepositional phrase) provides context.
  • "Damaged" (verb in past tense) is the main action.
• Structural Analysis: This is a complex sentence with a subject-verb-object structure. "Derogatory" functions as a modifier, emphasizing the cause-and-effect relationship in a professional setting, which is common in business communication to discuss ethical issues.

Leisure Scenario

• English: The comedian's derogatory jokes about cultural stereotypes offended many in the audience.
• Thai: มุขตลกที่หมิ่นประมาทของนักแสดงตลกเกี่ยวกับอคติทางวัฒนธรรมทำให้ผู้ชมหลายคนไม่พอใจ.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "The comedian's" (possessive noun phrase) identifies the subject.
  • "Derogatory" (adjective) qualifies "jokes," adding a negative descriptor.
  • "About cultural stereotypes" (prepositional phrase) specifies the content.
  • "Offended" (verb in past tense) expresses the result.
• Structural Analysis: This sentence follows a simple subject-verb-complement structure, using "derogatory" to highlight emotional impact in casual, entertainment-related scenarios, which is relevant for searches on "derogatory examples in media."

Formal Occasion

• English: The speaker's derogatory remarks during the debate violated the event's code of conduct.
• Thai: คำพูดที่ดูหมิ่นของผู้พูดในการอภิปรายละเมิดกฎระเบียบของงาน.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "The speaker's" (possessive phrase) acts as the subject modifier.
  • "Derogatory" (adjective) describes "remarks," intensifying the negativity.
  • "During the debate" (prepositional phrase) sets the time and place.
  • "Violated" (verb in past tense) indicates the action.
• Structural Analysis: As a compound sentence, it uses "derogatory" to underscore ethical breaches, making it suitable for formal contexts like public events, aligning with SEO for "derogatory in formal language."

Informal Occasion

• English: She called out her friend's derogatory comment about her appearance during the casual chat.
• Thai: เธอตำหนิความคิดเห็นที่หมิ่นประมาทของเพื่อนเกี่ยวกับรูปร่างหน้าตาของเธอในการสนทนาสบายๆ.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "She" (subject pronoun) drives the sentence.
  • "Derogatory" (adjective) modifies "comment," emphasizing insult.
  • "About her appearance" (prepositional phrase) adds detail.
  • "Called out" (phrasal verb) is the main action.
• Structural Analysis: This is an intermediate sentence structure, where "derogatory" highlights interpersonal dynamics in everyday conversations, useful for understanding "derogatory in informal settings."

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

• English: That statement was derogatory and hurt many people's feelings.
• Thai: คำพูดนั้นเป็นคำพูดที่ดูหมิ่นและทำให้คนหลายคนรู้สึกเจ็บปวด.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "That statement" (noun phrase) is the subject.
  • "Was derogatory" (adjective phrase) describes the subject.
  • "And hurt" (conjunction + verb) links the clauses.
• Structural Analysis: A straightforward declarative structure, ideal for stating facts about "derogatory meaning" in educational contexts.

Interrogative Sentence

• English: Is that comment derogatory, or is it just constructive criticism?
• Thai: คำพูดนั้นเป็นคำพูดที่หมิ่นประมาทหรือเป็นเพียงคำวิจารณ์ที่สร้างสรรค์?
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "Is that comment" (subject + verb) forms the question.
  • "Derogatory" (adjective) is the key descriptor.
  • "Or is it" (conjunction + clause) provides an alternative.
• Structural Analysis: This interrogative sentence uses "derogatory" to prompt discussion, common in debates for SEO topics like "examples of derogatory questions."

Imperative Sentence

• English: Avoid using derogatory language in your presentations to maintain professionalism.
• Thai: หลีกเลี่ยงการใช้คำพูดที่ดูหมิ่นในงานนำเสนอของคุณเพื่อรักษาความเป็นมืออาชีพ.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "Avoid" (imperative verb) commands the action.
  • "Using derogatory language" (gerund phrase) specifies what to avoid.
  • "In your presentations" (prepositional phrase) adds context.
• Structural Analysis: An imperative structure with "derogatory" as a modifier, emphasizing advice in professional settings.

Exclamatory Sentence

• English: How derogatory that remark was—it completely ruined the conversation!
• Thai: ช่างเป็นคำพูดที่หมิ่นประมาทเพียงใด—มันทำลายการสนทนาไปหมดเลย!
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "How derogatory" (exclamatory phrase) intensifies the adjective.
  • "That remark was" (subject + verb) forms the core.
  • "It completely ruined" (clause) extends the exclamation.
• Structural Analysis: This exclamatory sentence amplifies emotion with "derogatory," suitable for expressive contexts like social media.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

• English: That word is derogatory.
• Thai: คำนั้นเป็นคำที่ดูหมิ่น.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "That word" (subject noun phrase).
  • "Is derogatory" (verb + adjective).
• Structural Analysis: A basic subject-verb-adjective structure, perfect for beginners learning "derogatory meaning."

Intermediate Sentence

• English: The article contained derogatory phrases that sparked online debates.
• Thai: บทความนั้นมีวลีที่หมิ่นประมาทซึ่งก่อให้เกิดการถกเถียงออนไลน์.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "The article" (subject).
  • "Contained derogatory phrases" (verb + object + adjective).
  • "That sparked" (relative clause).
• Structural Analysis: An intermediate structure with a subordinate clause, illustrating "derogatory" in media contexts.

Complex Sentence

• English: Although the intent was not malicious, the derogatory tone in his email led to misunderstandings and required an apology.
• Thai: แม้ว่าความตั้งใจจะไม่ชั่วร้าย แต่โทนเสียงที่หมิ่นประมาทในอีเมลของเขาทำให้เกิดความเข้าใจผิดและต้องขอโทษ.
• Grammatical Breakdown:
  • "Although the intent was not malicious" (subordinate clause).
  • "The derogatory tone" (subject + adjective).
  • "Led to misunderstandings and required" (main clause with compound verbs).
• Structural Analysis: A complex sentence with clauses, showing "derogatory" in nuanced communication scenarios for advanced learners.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Insulting – Often used interchangeably with "derogatory" to describe offensive language, especially in casual conversations or social media.
• Disparaging – Similar to "derogatory," it implies belittling or demeaning, commonly in formal critiques or reviews.

Antonyms:

• Complimentary – The opposite of "derogatory," it denotes praise or positive remarks, used in contexts like feedback or endorsements.
• Praising – Contrasts with "derogatory" by highlighting admiration, often in motivational or appreciative scenarios.

Common Collocations:

• Derogatory remarks – Refers to spoken or written comments that insult, frequently in arguments or public discourse.
• Derogatory language – Describes overall speech patterns that demean, relevant in discussions about hate speech or cultural sensitivity.

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Western cultures, such as in the U.S. or UK, "derogatory" language is often linked to issues of free speech versus harm, with legal implications under laws like hate speech regulations. This reflects a cultural emphasis on individualism and equality, making "derogatory meaning" a frequent topic in media and education.

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: "Derogatory" is frequently used in professional and online environments, especially among younger demographics on social platforms. It's popular in English-speaking countries for calling out microaggressions, but in Thailand, it's less common in daily speech due to cultural norms of "kreng jai" (consideration), making terms like "ดูหมิ่น" more applicable in formal complaints.

Grammar Explanation

• Grammatical Function: "Derogatory" functions as an adjective, modifying nouns to describe their negative or insulting nature (e.g., as a subject complement or attributive adjective).
• Tense and Voice: As an adjective, "derogatory" does not change with tense; it remains invariable. In passive voice constructions, it can appear in sentences like "The statement was perceived as derogatory," where the focus shifts to the perception rather than the action.

References

Etymology and History:

The word "derogatory" originates from the Latin "derogare," meaning "to repeal" or "detract from," evolving through Middle English to its modern use in the 16th century. Historically, it was associated with legal contexts, such as repealing laws, but by the 19th century, it gained its current connotation of belittling or demeaning, as seen in literary works discussing social hierarchies.

Literary References:

• In George Orwell's "1984," the phrase "derogatory references to the Party" appears, highlighting how language controls thought (source: Orwell, 1949). This underscores "derogatory meaning" in dystopian themes.
• Mark Twain's "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" includes derogatory portrayals of characters, sparking debates on racism (source: Twain, 1884), making it a key example for cultural analysis.