Main Translations

English: Capacity

Thai: ความจุ

Phonetic: Kwahm jù

Detailed Explanation: The term "ความจุ" primarily refers to the physical or quantitative ability of something to hold, contain, or produce a certain amount. It is commonly used in contexts like storage, engineering, or logistics, where the focus is on limits or volumes. For example, it carries a neutral to positive connotation in business settings, emphasizing efficiency and potential. Semantic nuances include its measurement aspect (e.g., in liters or units), and it often implies optimization in usage scenarios like warehouse management or device specifications. In Thai culture, this word highlights practicality and resource management, especially in a rapidly industrializing society.

Thai: ความสามารถ

Phonetic: Kwahm sǎhm-kan

Detailed Explanation: This translation emphasizes the abstract or skill-based aspect of "capacity," meaning the ability, capability, or potential to perform tasks. It is often used in personal, professional, or educational contexts, with emotional connotations of empowerment or limitation. For instance, it can evoke motivation in self-improvement scenarios but frustration if abilities are exceeded. Semantic nuances include its flexibility in describing innate talents versus learned skills, and in Thai usage, it reflects cultural values like "kreng jai" (consideration), where one assesses their capacity to help others without overextending.

Overview of Usage Scenarios

The word "capacity" is versatile and appears in various contexts, from physical measurements (e.g., storage limits) to abstract abilities (e.g., human skills). In everyday Thai usage, it is prevalent in business for efficiency discussions, leisure for event planning, formal settings for technical reports, and informal conversations for personal assessments. Key scenarios include evaluating limits, optimizing resources, and assessing potential, making it essential for SEO-related topics like "capacity in business" or "daily life applications of capacity."

Example Sentences

Example Sentences in Different Scenarios

Business Scenario

English: The factory's production capacity has increased by 20% this quarter, allowing us to meet market demands.

Thai: ความจุการผลิตของโรงงานเพิ่มขึ้น 20% ในไตรมาสนี้ ทำให้เราสามารถตอบสนองความต้องการของตลาดได้

Grammatical Breakdown: "The factory's production capacity" (subject noun phrase) is modified by "has increased by 20%" (verb phrase in present perfect tense), and "this quarter" (time adverbial). "Allowing us" is a participial phrase indicating result.

Structural Analysis: This declarative sentence follows a subject-verb-object structure, common in business English for reporting progress. In Thai, the structure is topic-comment, emphasizing "ความจุการผลิต" first for clarity, aligning with Thai's SEO-friendly communicative style in professional contexts.

Leisure Scenario

English: The hotel's room capacity is limited to 50 guests, so we need to book early for the festival.

Thai: ความจุห้องพักของโรงแรมจำกัดไว้ที่ 50 คน ดังนั้นเราต้องจองล่วงหน้าเพื่อเทศกาล

Grammatical Breakdown: "The hotel's room capacity" (subject) is linked to "is limited to 50 guests" (verb phrase), with "so we need to book early" as a subordinate clause for consequence.

Structural Analysis: This compound sentence builds urgency, typical in leisure contexts. Thai translation maintains a straightforward structure, using connectors like "ดังนั้น" for flow, which enhances SEO for travel-related queries like "capacity in tourism."

Formal Occasion

English: In her speech, the CEO discussed the company's intellectual capacity to innovate in the tech industry.

Thai: ในสุนทรพจน์ของเธอ ซีอีโอได้พูดถึงความสามารถทางปัญญาของบริษัทในการสร้างนวัตกรรมในอุตสาหกรรมเทคโนโลยี

Grammatical Breakdown: "In her speech" (prepositional phrase) introduces "the CEO discussed" (main clause), with "the company's intellectual capacity" as the object and "to innovate" as an infinitive phrase.

Structural Analysis: The sentence uses formal language with embedded clauses, suitable for official events. In Thai, it employs polite structures, optimizing for SEO in "formal capacity discussions" in corporate settings.

Informal Occasion

English: I don't think I have the mental capacity to handle another project right now.

Thai: ฉันคิดว่าไม่มีความสามารถทางจิตใจที่จะรับโครงการอื่นตอนนี้

Grammatical Breakdown: "I don't think" (introductory clause) negates "I have the mental capacity" (main clause), with "to handle another project right now" as an infinitive phrase.

Structural Analysis: This informal sentence uses contraction and direct expression for casual conversation. Thai version mirrors this with simple syntax, making it relatable for everyday SEO topics like "personal capacity challenges."

Example Sentences in Different Sentence Types

Declarative Sentence

English: The battery's capacity is impressive for such a small device.

Thai: ความจุของแบตเตอรี่น่าประทับใจสำหรับอุปกรณ์ขนาดเล็กเช่นนี้

Grammatical Breakdown: "The battery's capacity" (subject) links to "is impressive" (predicate), modified by "for such a small device" (prepositional phrase).

Structural Analysis: A simple declarative form states facts, ideal for descriptions. Thai structure prioritizes the topic for natural flow.

Interrogative Sentence

English: What is the maximum capacity of this venue for the event?

Thai: ความจุสูงสุดของสถานที่นี้สำหรับงานคืออะไร

Grammatical Breakdown: "What is" (question word + verb) interrogates "the maximum capacity," with "of this venue for the event" as modifiers.

Structural Analysis: This wh-question seeks information, common in planning. Thai inverts the structure slightly for emphasis, aiding SEO in event queries.

Imperative Sentence

English: Check the server's capacity before adding more users.

Thai: ตรวจสอบความจุของเซิร์ฟเวอร์ก่อนเพิ่มผู้ใช้เพิ่มเติม

Grammatical Breakdown: "Check" (imperative verb) commands the action, with "the server's capacity" as the object and "before adding" as a subordinate clause.

Structural Analysis: Direct and action-oriented, this sentence instructs. Thai uses polite imperatives, optimizing for instructional content.

Exclamatory Sentence

English: What an incredible capacity this engine has for fuel efficiency!

Thai: ช่างเป็นความจุที่น่าทึ่งสำหรับประสิทธิภาพเชื้อเพลิงของเครื่องยนต์นี้!

Grammatical Breakdown: "What an incredible capacity" (exclamation) modifies "this engine has," with "for fuel efficiency" as a phrase.

Structural Analysis: Exclamatory tone expresses surprise. Thai amplifies emotion with intensifiers, enhancing engagement for SEO.

Example Sentences of Different Difficulties

Simple Sentence

English: The bag has a large capacity.

Thai: กระเป๋ามีความจุขนาดใหญ่

Grammatical Breakdown: "The bag" (subject) + "has" (verb) + "a large capacity" (object).

Structural Analysis: Basic subject-verb-object; easy for beginners.

Intermediate Sentence

English: Due to its high capacity, the new warehouse can store twice as many items as the old one.

Thai: เนื่องจากความจุสูง โกดังใหม่สามารถเก็บของได้สองเท่าของโกดังเก่า

Grammatical Breakdown: "Due to its high capacity" (subordinate clause) + main clause with comparison.

Structural Analysis: Includes clauses for added complexity, suitable for intermediate learners.

Complex Sentence

English: Although the team's capacity for innovation is limited by budget constraints, they have managed to develop a prototype that exceeds expectations.

Thai: แม้ว่าความสามารถของทีมในการสร้างนวัตกรรมจะถูกจำกัดด้วยข้อจำกัดด้านงบประมาณ แต่พวกเขาสามารถพัฒนาโปรโตไทป์ที่เกินความคาดหมายได้

Grammatical Breakdown: Subordinate clause ("Although...") + main clause with relative elements.

Structural Analysis: Multi-clause structure for advanced use, reflecting real-world applications.

Related Phrases and Expressions

Synonyms/Near Synonyms:

• Ability – Used to describe personal or professional skills, often interchangeable with "capacity" in motivational contexts (e.g., "Her ability to lead is unmatched").
• Volume – Refers to physical space or quantity, similar to "capacity" in storage scenarios (e.g., "The volume of the tank is 100 liters").

Antonyms:

• Incapacity – Indicates a lack of ability or limitation, contrasting with "capacity" in discussions of disabilities or failures (e.g., "His incapacity to focus hindered the project").
• Limitation – Highlights restrictions, opposite in contexts like resource management (e.g., "The limitation of the system prevented expansion").

Common Collocations:

• Full capacity – Used in business to mean maximum operation (e.g., "The factory is running at full capacity during peak season").
• Capacity building – Refers to skill development, popular in educational or NGO contexts (e.g., "Workshops focus on capacity building for rural communities").

Cultural Background and Usage Habits

Cultural Background:

• Cultural Point 1: In Thai culture, "capacity" (e.g., ความจุ or ความสามารถ) often ties to the concept of "sanuk" (fun and balance), where individuals assess their personal capacity to avoid burnout. This reflects Thailand's emphasis on harmony, as seen in festivals like Songkran, where event capacities are managed to ensure enjoyment without overload.

Usage Habits:

• Habit 1: "Capacity" is frequently used in urban, professional settings among younger demographics (e.g., in Bangkok's tech scene), with high popularity in online discussions. It's less common in rural areas but appears in educational contexts, making it SEO-relevant for "Thai capacity in modern life."

Grammar Explanation

Grammatical Function: "Capacity" functions primarily as a noun, serving as a subject, object, or complement in sentences (e.g., subject in "Capacity is key"). It can also modify other nouns in phrases like "capacity building."

Tense and Voice: As a noun, "capacity" doesn't change tenses directly but appears in various verb constructions (e.g., "The capacity was increased" in passive voice). In active voice, it's used in present tense for general truths (e.g., "This device has great capacity").

References

Etymology and History:

The word "capacity" originates from Latin "capacitas," meaning "ability to hold," derived from "capere" (to take or hold). It evolved in English during the 15th century to include both physical and abstract meanings, influencing modern usage in fields like engineering and psychology. In Thai, translations like ความจุ emerged with Western influences in the 19th century during modernization.

Literary References:

• From William Shakespeare's "Hamlet" (Act 1, Scene 3): "The undiscovered capacity of your nature" – This highlights intellectual potential, similar to Thai interpretations in contemporary literature.
• From modern Thai literature, in "The Teacher of Mad Dog Swamp" by Chart Korbjitti: "His capacity for endurance was tested" – Reflects cultural resilience, often discussed in SEO-optimized analyses of Thai novels.